Individuals applying to naturalize as U.S. citizens will be subject to stricter vetting and criteria. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) has rolled out a series of new policies that significantly transform how individuals apply for American citizenship. The reforms strengthen moral character evaluation, tighten background checks, and introduce a more rigorous 2025 Naturalization Civics Test for prospective U.S. citizens.
A Shift Toward Comprehensive Evaluation
Instead of relying on a checklist of disqualifying factors, officers will now conduct a broader review that considers each applicant’s overall behavior, civic values, and contributions to society.
Under the new standard—outlined in the August 15, 2025 Policy Memorandum titled “Restoring a Rigorous, Holistic, and Comprehensive Good Moral Character Evaluation Standard for Aliens Applying for Naturalization”—officers will evaluate good moral character (GMC) based on the totality of circumstances. Beyond ensuring the absence of misconduct, the focus is now on how applicants demonstrate integrity, social responsibility, and meaningful participation within their communities.
Neighborhood Verifications and Broader Investigations
A significant change includes the reintroduction of neighborhood investigations, as outlined in the August 22, 2025, memorandum. This measure allows USCIS to verify an applicant’s reputation and moral standing through inquiries within their local community. Officers may contact neighbors, employers, or local organizations to confirm that the applicant’s conduct aligns with accepted community standards.
While this practice was used decades ago, its return underscores USCIS’s renewed vigilance to verifying authenticity and civic behavior. It reinforces that naturalization is not just a procedural step but also a reflection of an individual’s good standing and responsibility within their community.
Emphasis on Positive Contributions
The new policy encourages officers to recognize applicants’ positive attributes rather than focusing solely on the absence of wrongdoing. Key factors now include:
- Consistent community service and volunteer work
- Strong family and caregiving responsibilities
- Stable and lawful employment history
- Educational achievements and personal growth
- Compliance with tax and financial responsibilities
Applicants with past infractions are encouraged to demonstrate rehabilitation through community service, repayment of dues, or credible testimonials showing reformation and responsibility.
The 2025 Naturalization Civics Test
In September 2025, the government introduced the 2025 Naturalization Civics Test that went into effect from October 17, 2025. The updated version increases the number of questions from 10 to 20, drawn from a 128-question bank. Applicants must correctly answer at least 12 questions to pass.
For applicants aged 65 or older who have been permanent residents for more than 20 years, USCIS will continue to offer a simplified version with 10 questions from a smaller pool.
The revised test places greater emphasis on U.S. history, governance, and democratic principles to ensure applicants develop a deeper understanding of American institutions and values.
According to USCIS Director Joseph Edlow, earlier tests were “too easy” and failed to measure true civic comprehension. The new test seeks to build a more informed and engaged citizenry that understands the rights and responsibilities of U.S. citizenship.
Expanded Discretionary Review
USCIS has also broadened officers’ discretionary powers for other immigration benefits. Officers may now consider whether an applicant has expressed or supported anti-American ideologies, including through social media activity. Such behavior could weigh heavily against applicants when determining eligibility for benefits such as adjustment of status, asylum, or investor visas.
What Applicants Should Do
With the new USCIS reforms taking effect, both current and future applicants should stay proactive and well-prepared throughout the naturalization process.
- Review your record thoroughly: Ensure your police clearances, tax filings, and employment records are up to date, and resolve any pending issues such as unpaid taxes or legal matters before applying.
- Document community involvement: Keep verifiable records of your volunteer work, civic engagement, and participation in local organizations, as these demonstrate good moral character.
- Be mindful of online presence: USCIS officers may review social media activity, so ensure your posts reflect professionalism and respect for U.S. laws and democratic values.
- Prepare for the new civics test: The 2025 Naturalization Civics Test is more comprehensive, so begin studying early using official USCIS materials and practice questions.
- Keep your application current: If you’ve already filed, promptly update USCIS about any changes in employment, address, or marital status to prevent unnecessary delays.
- Seek professional legal support: Consulting with an experienced immigration attorney can help you navigate the updated USCIS standards and strengthen your application.